Intel® Core™2 Extreme processor QX9770
Get untouchable desktop performance from Intel's latest Extreme processor. Play games, edit high definition video and easily tackle the most demanding multitasking environments like never before.
Intel® Core™2 Extreme processor
For extreme computing. Enjoy revolutionary levels of performance enabling vivid, high-definition experiences and multi-tasking responsiveness from state-of-the-art Intel dual-core and quad-core technologies.
Intel® Core™2 Quad processor
Multimedia enthusiasts, prepare to enthuse. Bring quad-core performance to your desktop with the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor. It's the ideal engine for highly threaded entertainment applications and highly productive multitasking.
Intel® Core™2 Duo processor
The power to perform. With power-optimized enabled dual-core technology and exceptional energy efficiency, the Intel® Core™2 Duo processor excels running the most intense applications.
Wednesday, November 5, 2008
Intel PROSet Network Adapter Driver Set 11.2
This release includes software and drivers for Intel(R) PRO/100, Intel(R) PRO/1000, and Intel(R) PRO/10GbE adapters and integrated network connections.What's New in This Release==========================- Support for Microsoft Windows Vista*- Support for iSCSI Boot- Support for Microsoft Windows Server* 2003 Service Pack 2- Limited support for PCI Express adapters on Itanium(R)-based systems- Linux and FreeBSD support for the Intel(R) PRO/1000 PT Quad Port LP Server Adapter- Support for the Intel(R) 82562GT 10/100 Network Connection- Improved adaptive interrupt moderationThis CD does not contain software or drivers for Microsoft Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 95, Windows Me, or IBM OS/2. The most recent software and drivers for these operating systems can be found on the Intel Customer Support website at http://support.intel.com/support/network/sb/cs-016238.htm.Download:ftp://aiedownload.intel.com/df-support/8659/eng/LAN_ALLOS_11.2_PV_TL3_132319_FULL.EXE
Labels: Intel Softwares-Drivers
Labels: Intel Softwares-Drivers
Intel Turbo Memory 1.7.0.1029 (8.5.0.1032)
Intel® Turbo Memory improves the general performance of your computer with faster read/write access times and reduced boot-up times. It also increases the power efficiency of the mobile system by moving frequently accessed data over to the flash memory from the hard drive.
Driver for Intel® Turbo Memory, a PC component that caches large amounts of frequently used data for faster access by the processor.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
****************************************************************************
1. The system must be 1 of the following systems, and have the correct
version of the Intel(R) Turbo Memory Hardware:
- Intel(R) Mobile 965 Express Chipset Family Platforms supporting
AHCI Mode
- Intel(R) 3 Series Chipset Platforms supporting AHCI or RAID Mode
- Mobile Intel(R) 4 Series Express Chipset Platforms supporting AHCI
or RAID Mode
- Intel(R) 4 Series Chipsets Platforms supporting AHCI or RAID Mode
2. The system should contain at least the minimum system
memory required by the operating system. For Microsoft Windows
Vista*, the recommendation is at least 1GB of system memory with
an absolute minimum of 512MB.
3. The system must be running the following operating system:
- Microsoft Windows Vista x32 Edition* (RTM, version 6000)
- Microsoft Windows Vista x64 Edition* (RTM, version 6000)
No other operating systems are supported.
4. For Intel(R) 965 Express Chipset Family Platforms, the system
must be configured in Enhanced AHCI Mode. Please review motherboard
BIOS setup documentation on how to configure these modes.
5. For Intel(R) 3 Series Chipset based Platforms, the system BIOS
must be placed into AHCI or RAID mode. Please review motherboard BIOS
setup documentation on how to configure these modes.
6. For Mobile Intel(R) 4 Series Chipset based Platforms, the system BIOS
must be placed into AHCI or RAID Mode. Please review motherboard BIOS
setup documentation on how to configure these modes.
7. For Intel(R) 4 Series Chipset based Platforms, the system BIOS must be
placed into AHCI or RAID Mode. Please review motherboard BIOS setup
documentation on how to configure these modes.
Download : Intel Turbo Memory 1.7.0.1029 (All Languages)Link
Driver for Intel® Turbo Memory, a PC component that caches large amounts of frequently used data for faster access by the processor.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
****************************************************************************
1. The system must be 1 of the following systems, and have the correct
version of the Intel(R) Turbo Memory Hardware:
- Intel(R) Mobile 965 Express Chipset Family Platforms supporting
AHCI Mode
- Intel(R) 3 Series Chipset Platforms supporting AHCI or RAID Mode
- Mobile Intel(R) 4 Series Express Chipset Platforms supporting AHCI
or RAID Mode
- Intel(R) 4 Series Chipsets Platforms supporting AHCI or RAID Mode
2. The system should contain at least the minimum system
memory required by the operating system. For Microsoft Windows
Vista*, the recommendation is at least 1GB of system memory with
an absolute minimum of 512MB.
3. The system must be running the following operating system:
- Microsoft Windows Vista x32 Edition* (RTM, version 6000)
- Microsoft Windows Vista x64 Edition* (RTM, version 6000)
No other operating systems are supported.
4. For Intel(R) 965 Express Chipset Family Platforms, the system
must be configured in Enhanced AHCI Mode. Please review motherboard
BIOS setup documentation on how to configure these modes.
5. For Intel(R) 3 Series Chipset based Platforms, the system BIOS
must be placed into AHCI or RAID mode. Please review motherboard BIOS
setup documentation on how to configure these modes.
6. For Mobile Intel(R) 4 Series Chipset based Platforms, the system BIOS
must be placed into AHCI or RAID Mode. Please review motherboard BIOS
setup documentation on how to configure these modes.
7. For Intel(R) 4 Series Chipset based Platforms, the system BIOS must be
placed into AHCI or RAID Mode. Please review motherboard BIOS setup
documentation on how to configure these modes.
Download : Intel Turbo Memory 1.7.0.1029 (All Languages)Link
Intel Core 2 Duo Processors
How to Over Clock / Basic Over Clocking Guide for Core 2 Duo
What will you need ??
1. Hardware setup
2. Softwares for the process
Hardware Setup
This guide will cover mainlly Intel Processors… Basically Intel Core based ones, such as,
Processors
E2140
E2160
E4300
E4400
E4500
E6300
E6320
E6400
E6420
E6550
E6600
E6700
E6750
E6850
Q6600
Q6700
X7900
X7800
X6800
QX6700
QX6800
QX6850
Motherboards
For any Overclocking one thing is must, ur Hardware supporting Overclocking, mean u have a C2D but one Intel 946 / 965 based board, will mean no OC… as those boards doesnt allow OC…
Good Well Ventilated Cabbinet is needed as will generate a lot of heat for sure..so, large cabbi with few FANs so, for OCing high u will need to have cabinet modifications….
Better RAM, those Value rams of 667 or 800 is good for Ligh or mid range OC but will need better RAMs for sure…
Last of all, the most important, The motherboard…. one ASUS P5B-MX motherboard with 946 chipset will not going to oc the procy better, where as P5B DLx with P965 or P5N-E SLi with Nvidia 650 chipset or XFX 650i or higher ones like P35 Chipset based ones like ASUS P5K series and nForce 680i ones like P5N32-E SLi or XFX 680i, will overclock far more efficiantly than those 946 based or VIA based ones….
Before we start, lets learn What exactly is Over Clocking ??
What Softwares One would need ???
Really dont have much idea about Linux softwares, so i would expect all running Windows will suggest few which u will need in Windows…
Lots of Software to monitor the Heat lavel !! As every one says Its easy to Overclock but easier than that to Burn the Procy
Install and Run it in every startup and then minimize it, will show one info at corner of the screen… Like my bellow Screeny,
Core Temp Run it while Stability test under load for Temps monitoring
Pi Testing to test the stability of the OC…
orthos This is for a long time load test of the OC system !!!
ASUS PC Prob… Find in in ur ASUS Mobo CD
in one dumb sentence, what we do is, we increase the FSB / BUS speed by little mean, which in place (FSB / 4 = BUS) increases the CPU Speed BUS x multiple = CPU Speed… and when u OC high u need to increase the processor vcore (my case Default 1.24) to some stable vcore by one step at a time !!! also at some point u may see ur RAM fails to keep up so, u need to increase their voltage too, chip value rams will not allow more than 2.1v at any point…In my case, default E6600 FSB is 1066 MHz where as BUS speed is (1066/4) 266.5 MHz, so with multile 9 my E6600 runs at 266.5 x 9 = 2398.5 MHz So by trial and error Method I found one Stable at this, as my mobo allow FSB increase so, FSB 1575 / Vcore 1.5v / RAM voltage 2.178v….
So, the main idea is increasing the FSB / BUS without givng more vcore till the point where u need to put some vcore… as more vcore will mean more Heat !!!
Lets Start
So to start with in ASUS Boards Disable AI Tuning and CIA2 for Giga Byte ones…
BIOS Settings
Seting the PCI Expres (PCIe) @ 100MHz / PCI to 33 MHz
Disable the Q-Fan control to allow the Processor fan to runn at full speed all the time
Disable any thing which says CPUID MAX to 2
Disable C1E if running windows XP (well thats what all ASUS mobo manual says)
RAM Settings
Well make sure processor and RAM frequency is unlinked so, i would suggest keep the RAM frequency to default value…Till the point u cant boot or dont get stable OS, u dont need to play with the RAM voltage of Timings, but b ready on higher Overclock u will need to push the RAM voltage up [Razz] i got suggestion that Voltage is fine Till 2.1v !!! nothing up for our value rams…
Processor Settings
Some motherboards will allow increase of BUS speed (BUS x multiple) some will alow increase of FSB (FSB/4=BUS Speed)…
in any case, increase step by step, dont push a lot at a time rather step by step… till u find one stable max point…
Stability Testing
Well sure, u should be able to boot in to OS… and personal Suggestion make sure its a clean installation without any Startup object or AVS, as that delayes the time of start nessecary Temp monitoring sofwtares….
If u are unable to boot, means some vcore or RAM voltage !!!
Run CPU-Z to view ur speeds…
for me 1st thing is running PC Wizerd and minimize it to Start bar as that would give a lot of info at once… !!!
Running ASUS Probe
Running Core Temp
they will give info of idle temp…. Make sure, u stay in side the temp limit (explained later on)
Now Copy the SUPER PI Process EXE on 2 places, run those together (Dont start calculation, just run those EXE)… now from Tank Manager, Go to Process, right click on each of the Superpi.exe and put one on each core…
Now Start calculaiton for 2m pi for both at once… !!!! keep eye on ur Temp limits (Explained Later)… If system passes the test fine, proceed to later on, if ur system restarts, means u will need to push some Vcore and come bacnk again to here, even then its restarts, then some RAM voltage may be (Dont cross that 2.1v) !!!
Now when u pass the test next level of Load test
Load Test
Run one Instance of orthos and Start testing ur Procy !!! run it for atleast 1 hour keep an eye on the Temps (Core Temp / PC Wizerd) all the time… if u are crossing the denger lavel Stop the test and rebott back to lower the vcore and BUS/FSB too !!!
if u pass the test means u have a stable overclock system !!!
Temparature settings
At Any point load temp should not cross 60c, see on idle condition temp may low at 42 ot 45 but onload will push the temp close to 60c…
your Dengar Level is 60c, allways stay bellow it….
Please note
No 2 Processo are the same, I mean I have one E6600 which need vcore of 1.5v to run at 3.6 GHz where as its possible that Mr. A’s E6600 can reach 3.8 GHz with just 1.48 or Mr. B’s E6600 cant go byond 3.4 ghx at 1.5v….
So no specific info on exact settings, u have to try and try to find best Overclock for ur self…
Remember Never let the Temps touch 60c, keep the RAMs at their Default Frequency, lavue ram cant take byond 2.1v voltage…
In the end I would say there are tons of better guides out there in OIverclokcing, Google will give better results, so those who already tried it, please post so tricks a tips for higher overlocks…
And last of all, Dont forget to post ur Results, with some Temp and load testing apps running at Backgroud… and with ur OC setings info and steps
For me, on stock it was 2.89 GHz, where as with ThermalRight ultra 120 extreme, FSB 1575 / vcore 1.5 / ram voltage 2.178 (667 MHz)
Labels: Intel Core 2 Duo Processors, overclocking-processors
Posted by Keshav Live at 5:08 PM 0 comments
Saturday, August 23, 2008
Difference Between Intel core 2 duo vs Intel dual core vs Intel Pentium D
Many people are confused what exactly the difference between Intel Core 2 Duo Processors and Between Intel Pentium D or Intel Dual Core processors….
I would try to explain from a END user point a view rather not going in to details architecture over view…
The Simple facts are,
All Core 2 Duo Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Pentium D Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Intel Dual Core Processors are Dual Core Processors…
Pentium D is nothing but 2 Prescott Processors side by side… runs very hot, not a good OverClocker…
Intel Core 2 Duo processors are next gen processors from Intel on 65 nm platform… developed from Ground up with new Architecture called Core… so they are whole new Processors just Jump like Pentium 2 to Pentium 3 or Pentium 4… Expect one Core 2 Duo Lowest End Processors like E4400/E4300 taking up and beating Intel Pentium D 3.8 GHz ones with ease … runs damn cool and super over clocker…
Intel Dual Core Processors are just launched striped down version of Core 2 Duos.. there are 2 in Market for Desktop range, E2140 runs at 1.6 GHz with 1 MB L2 and 800 MHz FSB and E2160 with 1.8 GHz with same specs of E2140…. these are not Pentium D rather they are same batch like Core 2 Duo based on the new Core Technology…. they perform same like Core 2 Duos but they were launched with a very low price to counter the market of super low cost but high performer AMD X2 range line up to AMD X2 4000….
Labels: Intel Core 2 Duo Processors, Intel Dual Core Processors, Intel Processors
Posted by Keshav Live at 5:49 PM 0 comments
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Intel Processors (6)
Intel Softwares-Drivers (6)
Intel Core 2 Duo Processors (2)
Intel Dual Core Processors (2)
overclocking-processors (2)
Amd Vs Intel -CPU Battle (1)
Desktop Prosessors-The Intel® Core™2 processor family (1)
Intel Amd Desktops (1)
Intel Amd Servers (1)
Intel Latest Technology Processors (1)
amd Processors (1)
intel Xeon Processors (1)
Traffic Feed
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What will you need ??
1. Hardware setup
2. Softwares for the process
Hardware Setup
This guide will cover mainlly Intel Processors… Basically Intel Core based ones, such as,
Processors
E2140
E2160
E4300
E4400
E4500
E6300
E6320
E6400
E6420
E6550
E6600
E6700
E6750
E6850
Q6600
Q6700
X7900
X7800
X6800
QX6700
QX6800
QX6850
Motherboards
For any Overclocking one thing is must, ur Hardware supporting Overclocking, mean u have a C2D but one Intel 946 / 965 based board, will mean no OC… as those boards doesnt allow OC…
Good Well Ventilated Cabbinet is needed as will generate a lot of heat for sure..so, large cabbi with few FANs so, for OCing high u will need to have cabinet modifications….
Better RAM, those Value rams of 667 or 800 is good for Ligh or mid range OC but will need better RAMs for sure…
Last of all, the most important, The motherboard…. one ASUS P5B-MX motherboard with 946 chipset will not going to oc the procy better, where as P5B DLx with P965 or P5N-E SLi with Nvidia 650 chipset or XFX 650i or higher ones like P35 Chipset based ones like ASUS P5K series and nForce 680i ones like P5N32-E SLi or XFX 680i, will overclock far more efficiantly than those 946 based or VIA based ones….
Before we start, lets learn What exactly is Over Clocking ??
What Softwares One would need ???
Really dont have much idea about Linux softwares, so i would expect all running Windows will suggest few which u will need in Windows…
Lots of Software to monitor the Heat lavel !! As every one says Its easy to Overclock but easier than that to Burn the Procy
Install and Run it in every startup and then minimize it, will show one info at corner of the screen… Like my bellow Screeny,
Core Temp Run it while Stability test under load for Temps monitoring
Pi Testing to test the stability of the OC…
orthos This is for a long time load test of the OC system !!!
ASUS PC Prob… Find in in ur ASUS Mobo CD
in one dumb sentence, what we do is, we increase the FSB / BUS speed by little mean, which in place (FSB / 4 = BUS) increases the CPU Speed BUS x multiple = CPU Speed… and when u OC high u need to increase the processor vcore (my case Default 1.24) to some stable vcore by one step at a time !!! also at some point u may see ur RAM fails to keep up so, u need to increase their voltage too, chip value rams will not allow more than 2.1v at any point…In my case, default E6600 FSB is 1066 MHz where as BUS speed is (1066/4) 266.5 MHz, so with multile 9 my E6600 runs at 266.5 x 9 = 2398.5 MHz So by trial and error Method I found one Stable at this, as my mobo allow FSB increase so, FSB 1575 / Vcore 1.5v / RAM voltage 2.178v….
So, the main idea is increasing the FSB / BUS without givng more vcore till the point where u need to put some vcore… as more vcore will mean more Heat !!!
Lets Start
So to start with in ASUS Boards Disable AI Tuning and CIA2 for Giga Byte ones…
BIOS Settings
Seting the PCI Expres (PCIe) @ 100MHz / PCI to 33 MHz
Disable the Q-Fan control to allow the Processor fan to runn at full speed all the time
Disable any thing which says CPUID MAX to 2
Disable C1E if running windows XP (well thats what all ASUS mobo manual says)
RAM Settings
Well make sure processor and RAM frequency is unlinked so, i would suggest keep the RAM frequency to default value…Till the point u cant boot or dont get stable OS, u dont need to play with the RAM voltage of Timings, but b ready on higher Overclock u will need to push the RAM voltage up [Razz] i got suggestion that Voltage is fine Till 2.1v !!! nothing up for our value rams…
Processor Settings
Some motherboards will allow increase of BUS speed (BUS x multiple) some will alow increase of FSB (FSB/4=BUS Speed)…
in any case, increase step by step, dont push a lot at a time rather step by step… till u find one stable max point…
Stability Testing
Well sure, u should be able to boot in to OS… and personal Suggestion make sure its a clean installation without any Startup object or AVS, as that delayes the time of start nessecary Temp monitoring sofwtares….
If u are unable to boot, means some vcore or RAM voltage !!!
Run CPU-Z to view ur speeds…
for me 1st thing is running PC Wizerd and minimize it to Start bar as that would give a lot of info at once… !!!
Running ASUS Probe
Running Core Temp
they will give info of idle temp…. Make sure, u stay in side the temp limit (explained later on)
Now Copy the SUPER PI Process EXE on 2 places, run those together (Dont start calculation, just run those EXE)… now from Tank Manager, Go to Process, right click on each of the Superpi.exe and put one on each core…
Now Start calculaiton for 2m pi for both at once… !!!! keep eye on ur Temp limits (Explained Later)… If system passes the test fine, proceed to later on, if ur system restarts, means u will need to push some Vcore and come bacnk again to here, even then its restarts, then some RAM voltage may be (Dont cross that 2.1v) !!!
Now when u pass the test next level of Load test
Load Test
Run one Instance of orthos and Start testing ur Procy !!! run it for atleast 1 hour keep an eye on the Temps (Core Temp / PC Wizerd) all the time… if u are crossing the denger lavel Stop the test and rebott back to lower the vcore and BUS/FSB too !!!
if u pass the test means u have a stable overclock system !!!
Temparature settings
At Any point load temp should not cross 60c, see on idle condition temp may low at 42 ot 45 but onload will push the temp close to 60c…
your Dengar Level is 60c, allways stay bellow it….
Please note
No 2 Processo are the same, I mean I have one E6600 which need vcore of 1.5v to run at 3.6 GHz where as its possible that Mr. A’s E6600 can reach 3.8 GHz with just 1.48 or Mr. B’s E6600 cant go byond 3.4 ghx at 1.5v….
So no specific info on exact settings, u have to try and try to find best Overclock for ur self…
Remember Never let the Temps touch 60c, keep the RAMs at their Default Frequency, lavue ram cant take byond 2.1v voltage…
In the end I would say there are tons of better guides out there in OIverclokcing, Google will give better results, so those who already tried it, please post so tricks a tips for higher overlocks…
And last of all, Dont forget to post ur Results, with some Temp and load testing apps running at Backgroud… and with ur OC setings info and steps
For me, on stock it was 2.89 GHz, where as with ThermalRight ultra 120 extreme, FSB 1575 / vcore 1.5 / ram voltage 2.178 (667 MHz)
Labels: Intel Core 2 Duo Processors, overclocking-processors
Posted by Keshav Live at 5:08 PM 0 comments
Saturday, August 23, 2008
Difference Between Intel core 2 duo vs Intel dual core vs Intel Pentium D
Many people are confused what exactly the difference between Intel Core 2 Duo Processors and Between Intel Pentium D or Intel Dual Core processors….
I would try to explain from a END user point a view rather not going in to details architecture over view…
The Simple facts are,
All Core 2 Duo Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Pentium D Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Intel Dual Core Processors are Dual Core Processors…
Pentium D is nothing but 2 Prescott Processors side by side… runs very hot, not a good OverClocker…
Intel Core 2 Duo processors are next gen processors from Intel on 65 nm platform… developed from Ground up with new Architecture called Core… so they are whole new Processors just Jump like Pentium 2 to Pentium 3 or Pentium 4… Expect one Core 2 Duo Lowest End Processors like E4400/E4300 taking up and beating Intel Pentium D 3.8 GHz ones with ease … runs damn cool and super over clocker…
Intel Dual Core Processors are just launched striped down version of Core 2 Duos.. there are 2 in Market for Desktop range, E2140 runs at 1.6 GHz with 1 MB L2 and 800 MHz FSB and E2160 with 1.8 GHz with same specs of E2140…. these are not Pentium D rather they are same batch like Core 2 Duo based on the new Core Technology…. they perform same like Core 2 Duos but they were launched with a very low price to counter the market of super low cost but high performer AMD X2 range line up to AMD X2 4000….
Labels: Intel Core 2 Duo Processors, Intel Dual Core Processors, Intel Processors
Posted by Keshav Live at 5:49 PM 0 comments
Newer Posts Older Posts Home
Labels
Intel Processors (6)
Intel Softwares-Drivers (6)
Intel Core 2 Duo Processors (2)
Intel Dual Core Processors (2)
overclocking-processors (2)
Amd Vs Intel -CPU Battle (1)
Desktop Prosessors-The Intel® Core™2 processor family (1)
Intel Amd Desktops (1)
Intel Amd Servers (1)
Intel Latest Technology Processors (1)
amd Processors (1)
intel Xeon Processors (1)
Traffic Feed
Traffic Feed
Intel Dual Core Processors
Difference Between Intel core 2 duo vs Intel dual core vs Intel Pentium D
Many people are confused what exactly the difference between Intel Core 2 Duo Processors and Between Intel Pentium D or Intel Dual Core processors….
I would try to explain from a END user point a view rather not going in to details architecture over view…
The Simple facts are,
All Core 2 Duo Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Pentium D Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Intel Dual Core Processors are Dual Core Processors…
Pentium D is nothing but 2 Prescott Processors side by side… runs very hot, not a good OverClocker…
Intel Core 2 Duo processors are next gen processors from Intel on 65 nm platform… developed from Ground up with new Architecture called Core… so they are whole new Processors just Jump like Pentium 2 to Pentium 3 or Pentium 4… Expect one Core 2 Duo Lowest End Processors like E4400/E4300 taking up and beating Intel Pentium D 3.8 GHz ones with ease … runs damn cool and super over clocker…
Intel Dual Core Processors are just launched striped down version of Core 2 Duos.. there are 2 in Market for Desktop range, E2140 runs at 1.6 GHz with 1 MB L2 and 800 MHz FSB and E2160 with 1.8 GHz with same specs of E2140…. these are not Pentium D rather they are same batch like Core 2 Duo based on the new Core Technology…. they perform same like Core 2 Duos but they were launched with a very low price to counter the market of super low cost but high performer AMD X2 range line up to AMD X2 4000….
Labels: Intel Core 2 Duo Processors, Intel Dual Core Processors, Intel Processors
Dual Core Computer Processors: Luxury Or Necessity?
Most of the talk going on in the computer processor industry is revolving around dual core processors. But what advantages do they actually give and is it worth it in terms of price?
All processors have a core. A core contains some memory, often referred to as cache, either L1, L2 or L3, depending on how close it is to the core, and the core itself, as well as a few other essentials. The core is the "brain" part, it performs all the big calculations that are needed for the various things a computer does.
Computer cores have been increasing in speed, and increasingly quickly. Manufacturers were in a race to have the chip with the fastest speed, measured in GHz. One surprise is that despite these increases in clock speed, the actual speed of programs didn't increase proportionately.
As modern programs make much heavier use of other computer parts like memory, and there are often many running at the same time, another approach was needed.
Dual core processors were the answer.
By putting two "brain" parts into the processor, you can run two programs on two cores, without having to share it between them. The effect of this is that when running two or more programs, the processor can now handle much more as a whole.
The part about them that might disappoint is gaming.
Unlike the multitasking environment that is usual for a computer either at home or at the office, games rely on the brute force of a powerful processor to help them along. So far there is no technology to take advantage of the two processors, like the ability to split its tasks over two cores. Most gaming has not improved with this new technology.
As with processors in the past the mainstream of dual core processors is dominated by the two big guys, Intel and AMD.
Intel offers two processors in its range, same processor, just different speeds. The lower priced of the Pentium D processors comes in at around $250. This price is reasonable considering how much you would pay for the top of the line single core processor.
The Pentium D is based on the same core as it's single core counterparts, just two of them inside. Its boost in performance is quite notable, and makes it presence felt in the multitasking environment.
The AMD Athlon X2 is AMD's offering in the dual core market. Unlike the Pentium D its lowest priced model comes in at a staggering $400. It's not expensive compared to processors like its FX series, which are over $1000, but in comparison to Intel it's expensive.
It too is based on the same core as its single core cousins and also offers the same performance increases.
The price of the AMD is surprising. From a company that became renowned for it's low cost, high performance processors this is quite a blow. Even the upper model of the Pentium Ds comes in at less that AMD's cheapest model.
The price might be justified if the AMD actually gave a significant performance boost, but it doesn't.
For the first time in a long time, I think I would be willing to switch back to an Intel processor. Although my preference is not for dual core, if I had or needed to switch I would certainly go straight for the Pentium D.
And finally, how do they compare to their now out of date traditional processors?
Considering how powerful processors have become I would still not make the switch. Dual core has not been around long enough to produce low cost, slightly out of date models. The power of the AMD Athlon 64 3000+ more than does it for my computing needs, and that's where I would stay for now.
So for those who are looking for the next cool thing for their desktop computer and price is not a huge issue, this would be your best choice, but go for the lower end Pentium D.
Many people are confused what exactly the difference between Intel Core 2 Duo Processors and Between Intel Pentium D or Intel Dual Core processors….
I would try to explain from a END user point a view rather not going in to details architecture over view…
The Simple facts are,
All Core 2 Duo Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Pentium D Processors are Dual Core Processors..
All Intel Dual Core Processors are Dual Core Processors…
Pentium D is nothing but 2 Prescott Processors side by side… runs very hot, not a good OverClocker…
Intel Core 2 Duo processors are next gen processors from Intel on 65 nm platform… developed from Ground up with new Architecture called Core… so they are whole new Processors just Jump like Pentium 2 to Pentium 3 or Pentium 4… Expect one Core 2 Duo Lowest End Processors like E4400/E4300 taking up and beating Intel Pentium D 3.8 GHz ones with ease … runs damn cool and super over clocker…
Intel Dual Core Processors are just launched striped down version of Core 2 Duos.. there are 2 in Market for Desktop range, E2140 runs at 1.6 GHz with 1 MB L2 and 800 MHz FSB and E2160 with 1.8 GHz with same specs of E2140…. these are not Pentium D rather they are same batch like Core 2 Duo based on the new Core Technology…. they perform same like Core 2 Duos but they were launched with a very low price to counter the market of super low cost but high performer AMD X2 range line up to AMD X2 4000….
Labels: Intel Core 2 Duo Processors, Intel Dual Core Processors, Intel Processors
Dual Core Computer Processors: Luxury Or Necessity?
Most of the talk going on in the computer processor industry is revolving around dual core processors. But what advantages do they actually give and is it worth it in terms of price?
All processors have a core. A core contains some memory, often referred to as cache, either L1, L2 or L3, depending on how close it is to the core, and the core itself, as well as a few other essentials. The core is the "brain" part, it performs all the big calculations that are needed for the various things a computer does.
Computer cores have been increasing in speed, and increasingly quickly. Manufacturers were in a race to have the chip with the fastest speed, measured in GHz. One surprise is that despite these increases in clock speed, the actual speed of programs didn't increase proportionately.
As modern programs make much heavier use of other computer parts like memory, and there are often many running at the same time, another approach was needed.
Dual core processors were the answer.
By putting two "brain" parts into the processor, you can run two programs on two cores, without having to share it between them. The effect of this is that when running two or more programs, the processor can now handle much more as a whole.
The part about them that might disappoint is gaming.
Unlike the multitasking environment that is usual for a computer either at home or at the office, games rely on the brute force of a powerful processor to help them along. So far there is no technology to take advantage of the two processors, like the ability to split its tasks over two cores. Most gaming has not improved with this new technology.
As with processors in the past the mainstream of dual core processors is dominated by the two big guys, Intel and AMD.
Intel offers two processors in its range, same processor, just different speeds. The lower priced of the Pentium D processors comes in at around $250. This price is reasonable considering how much you would pay for the top of the line single core processor.
The Pentium D is based on the same core as it's single core counterparts, just two of them inside. Its boost in performance is quite notable, and makes it presence felt in the multitasking environment.
The AMD Athlon X2 is AMD's offering in the dual core market. Unlike the Pentium D its lowest priced model comes in at a staggering $400. It's not expensive compared to processors like its FX series, which are over $1000, but in comparison to Intel it's expensive.
It too is based on the same core as its single core cousins and also offers the same performance increases.
The price of the AMD is surprising. From a company that became renowned for it's low cost, high performance processors this is quite a blow. Even the upper model of the Pentium Ds comes in at less that AMD's cheapest model.
The price might be justified if the AMD actually gave a significant performance boost, but it doesn't.
For the first time in a long time, I think I would be willing to switch back to an Intel processor. Although my preference is not for dual core, if I had or needed to switch I would certainly go straight for the Pentium D.
And finally, how do they compare to their now out of date traditional processors?
Considering how powerful processors have become I would still not make the switch. Dual core has not been around long enough to produce low cost, slightly out of date models. The power of the AMD Athlon 64 3000+ more than does it for my computing needs, and that's where I would stay for now.
So for those who are looking for the next cool thing for their desktop computer and price is not a huge issue, this would be your best choice, but go for the lower end Pentium D.
Intel Amd Servers
Intel vs AMD servers. Which processor is best for a web hosting server?
If you go to any dedicated server provider, you will see server offers for both AMD and Intel processor based servers. So which one is better for your website or web hosting company? This question is hard to answer because it is dependent on a lot of variables; but I will try my best to give a decisive answer.
AMD and Intel have always been in close competition over the last decade. Whenever Intel was winning, AMD would catch up and overtake Intel. After awhile Intel would catch back up with AMD and overtake them. A competitive market at it’s finest! Anyway, back in 2002-2006 if you would have asked me which I thought was better, I would have said AMD. However, since Intel released its Core2 based processors, I will have to go with Intel for the time being. That is for now…it’s only a matter of time before AMD releases its next generation processor to take back its claim.
Over the years I have purchased dozens of servers in all kinds of configurations – dual core AMD, single core AMD, dual core dual proc AMD, single core Intel, dual core Intel, etc. Even though I give raw server processing ability and power to Intel, AMD still has some advantages.
AMD: better Low – Medium end servers – Best bang for the buck
If you have outgrown your shared web hosting plan or your VPS plan, it is time to upgrade to a dedicated server. The only problem is that there is a big price jump between VPS and a dedicated server. For that reason, I suggest that you start out on a Single Processor AMD server. The price for AMD based equipment tends to be lower which in turn lowers the monthly cost of the server. A comparable low end Intel machine usually costs $30-50/m more than your low end AMD server. AMD also has advantages on certain process types. For instance, AMD can run Java based applications better than the comparable Intel server.
Intel – High End Servers – Raw Power house
Out of all the high end web hosting servers that I have purchased, my dual proc dual core Xeon servers have always outperformed my high end AMD Opteron servers. When it comes to raw power and data/number crunching, Intel takes the cake. Compared to Opteron processors, Xeon processors have a much larger processor cache. This higher CPU bandwidth allows the machine to process more at a quicker rate than the comparable AMD. For this reason, Intel can run MySQL, Email, PHP, and other services faster than the AMD. Since these services are usually the center of most hosting businesses, I think Intel makes the better web hosting server. I also think that Intel servers are slightly more reliable than AMD because the other hardware in the server is usually perfected for Intel based processors. AMD is a smaller company so other hardware vendors spend more work and effort perfecting their hardware for Intel based machines.
Intel Latest Technology
In the 'Tick, Tock' model, Tock means a new CPU architecture every two years followed by the Tick which means die-shrinkWhile the world is still talking about Intel's shift from 45nm to 32nm, Intel has gone one step ahead and added a 22nm 8-core processor micro-architecture to their design roadmap.At the Intel Developer Forums, Intel talked about their 'Tick, Tock' model of chip development, transition from 45nm to 32nm and also briefed about the 22nm chip design plans. This update comes in the wake of Intel's talks with regional R&D engineers, who shared the project status for next 5 years. A French site called CanardPlus managed to grab the slide from Intel Developer Forum.In the 'Tick, Tock' model, Tock means a new CPU architecture every two years followed by the Tick which means die-shrink. Intel has announced the 45nm Nehalem's successor called Westmere (previously Nehalem-c) on 32nm die-shrink due for release in 2009. Westmere's special feature is the 8-core CPU design where each core will have its own 512 KB L2 cache, and general divided 16 MB cache at the third level.During 2011-12, Intel plans to release 'Ivy Bridge' as the first 22nm chip in 2011, and then follow it up with the 22nm micro-architecture, code named Haswell, that will carry 8-cores in 2012. The Ivy Bridge will be released after 'Sandy Bridge' (previously named Gesher) from the 32nm micro-architecture in 2010.Source: Techtree.com
Labels: Intel Latest Technology Processors, Intel Processors
Amd Processors
AMD to rework India plan to bag contracts
Having failed to break through Indian government tenders which specifically sought processors from its rival Intel, microprocessor maker AMD has adopted a multi-pronged strategy in India. The company has initiated talks with the Centre and various state governments and appointed research IDC to quantify the impact of missing out on such big contracts.
AMD is also going to launch a campaign - ‘See For Yourself’ - which will focus on showing the value proposition of its processors. The company hinted that future investment in India will be driven on the basis of its participation in government projects. “All we want is a level playing field, fair and open competition,” AMD India V-P (sales & marketing) Ramkumar Subramanian said on Monday.
The company has approached various central government ministries, union communications and IT minister A Raja, Competition Commission of India and the state governments. “Preliminary reports by IDC suggest that 80-85% of government tenders are blocked for the company since most of them specify Intel-based computers,” said Mr Subramanian. AMD officials think the company is losing major growth opportunities in India since the government vertical is a major business area. “We can offer great value proposition to the government with the best in technology. We are creating showcase projects which we are highlighting to the government,” AMD corporate VP (Asia Pacific region) Ian Williams said.
The company has identified India as a global innovation hub and has set up R&D facilities in Bangalore and Hyderabad. “The Indian R&D is already driving major global projects with around 650 people on the rolls. As government tenders get unlocked for us, it will increase our presence in the market and drive investment,” Mr Subramanian said.
Having failed to break through Indian government tenders which specifically sought processors from its rival Intel, microprocessor maker AMD has adopted a multi-pronged strategy in India. The company has initiated talks with the Centre and various state governments and appointed research IDC to quantify the impact of missing out on such big contracts.
AMD is also going to launch a campaign - ‘See For Yourself’ - which will focus on showing the value proposition of its processors. The company hinted that future investment in India will be driven on the basis of its participation in government projects. “All we want is a level playing field, fair and open competition,” AMD India V-P (sales & marketing) Ramkumar Subramanian said on Monday.
The company has approached various central government ministries, union communications and IT minister A Raja, Competition Commission of India and the state governments. “Preliminary reports by IDC suggest that 80-85% of government tenders are blocked for the company since most of them specify Intel-based computers,” said Mr Subramanian. AMD officials think the company is losing major growth opportunities in India since the government vertical is a major business area. “We can offer great value proposition to the government with the best in technology. We are creating showcase projects which we are highlighting to the government,” AMD corporate VP (Asia Pacific region) Ian Williams said.
The company has identified India as a global innovation hub and has set up R&D facilities in Bangalore and Hyderabad. “The Indian R&D is already driving major global projects with around 650 people on the rolls. As government tenders get unlocked for us, it will increase our presence in the market and drive investment,” Mr Subramanian said.
Intel Xeon Processors
Intel Launches New High-End Xeon Processors
Intel Corporation has extended its lead in the high-end server segment, setting new standards in virtualization performance with the launch of seven 45 nanometer (nm)-manufactured Intel Xeon Processor 7400 Series products. With up to six processing cores per chip and 16MB of shared cache memory, applications built for virtualized environments and data demanding workloads, such as databases, business intelligence, enterprise resource planning and server consolidation, experience dramatic performance increases of almost 50 percent in some cases.
Platforms based on these processors can scale up to 16 processor "sockets" to deliver servers with up to 96 processing cores inside, offering tremendous scalability, ample computing threads, extensive memory resources and uncompromising reliability for enterprise data centers.
"The arrival of these processors extends Intel's lead in the high-end server segment," said Tom Kilroy, Intel vice president and general manager of the Digital Enterprise Group. "This new processor series helps IT manage increasingly complex enterprise server environments, providing a great opportunity to boost the scalable performance of multi-threaded applications within a stable platform infrastructure. With new features such as additional cores, large shared caches and advanced virtualization technologies, the Xeon 7400 series delivers record-breaking performance that will lead enterprises into the next wave of virtualization deployments."
Several Performance Records
The Intel Xeon processor 7400 series has already set new four-socket and eight-socket world records on key industry benchmarks for virtualization, database, enterprise resource planning and e-commerce. IBM, following the record-setting 1.2 million tpmC result on its eight-socket System x* 3950 M2 platform, delivers an all-time high result for four-socket servers on System x* 3850 M2 server with a score of 684,508 tpmC on the TPC*-C benchmark, which measures database performance in an online transaction processing environment.
An HP ProLiant DL580 G5 server on the SAP-SD benchmark that measures a server's sales and distribution capability on SAP software set a world record with a score of 5155 SD-Users. On the SPECint*_rate2006 benchmark, which measures a system's integer throughput performance, a Fujitsu-Siemens PRIMERGY* RX600 S4 server set a record with a score of 291. Several other records were also set on other key enterprise-related benchmarks.
Virtualization Platform of Choice
Based on Intel's 45nm high-k process technology and reinvented transistors that use a Hafnium-based, high-k metal gate formula, the new Xeon 7400 series delivers exceptional performance improvements with lower power consumption. This delivers almost 50 percent better performance in some cases, and up to 10 percent reduction in platform power, and has resulted in a world record VMmark (a virtualization benchmark) score for four-socket, 24 processing core servers at 18.49 on a Dell PowerEdge R900 platform using VMware ESX server v3.5.0.*
These virtualization performance increases, and advanced virtualization capabilities such as Intel Virtualization Technology (VT) FlexMigration make Xeon 7400 series-based servers ideal platforms for customers to standardize their virtual infrastructures. FlexMigration enables VM migration from previous-, present- and future-generation Core microarchitecture-based platforms. This ensures investment protection for administrators seeking to establish pools of virtualized systems and using those pools to facilitate failover, disaster recovery, load balancing and optimizing server maintenance and downtime.
Product Details, Customers
These products offer frequencies up to 2.66 GHz and power levels down to 50 watts, including the first 6-core, x86 compatible 65-watt version which translates to just under 11 watts per processor core, with platforms available in rack, tower and highly dense blade form factors.
The Xeon 7400 processor series is compatible with Intel's existing Xeon 7300 series platforms and the Intel 7300 chipset with memory capacity up to 256GB, allowing IT departments to quickly deploy the new processor into a stable platform infrastructure.
Starting today, servers based on the Intel Xeon 7400 processor series are expected to be announced by more than 50 system manufacturers around the world, including four-socket rack servers from Dell, Fujitsu, Fujitsu-Siemens, Hitachi, HP, IBM, NEC, Sun, Supermicro and Unisys; four-socket blade servers from Egenera, HP, Sun and NEC; and servers that scale up to 16-sockets from IBM, NEC and Unisys.
Many software vendors are also supporting Intel Xeon 7400 based platforms with innovative solutions enabling virtualization and scalable performance for the high-end enterprise, including Citrix, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Red Hat, SAP and VMware.
Pricing for the Xeon 7000 Sequence processors in quantities of 1,000 ranges from $856 to $2,729. For more details on the Intel Xeon 7400 processor series, visit www.intel.com/xeon.
Intel Corporation has extended its lead in the high-end server segment, setting new standards in virtualization performance with the launch of seven 45 nanometer (nm)-manufactured Intel Xeon Processor 7400 Series products. With up to six processing cores per chip and 16MB of shared cache memory, applications built for virtualized environments and data demanding workloads, such as databases, business intelligence, enterprise resource planning and server consolidation, experience dramatic performance increases of almost 50 percent in some cases.
Platforms based on these processors can scale up to 16 processor "sockets" to deliver servers with up to 96 processing cores inside, offering tremendous scalability, ample computing threads, extensive memory resources and uncompromising reliability for enterprise data centers.
"The arrival of these processors extends Intel's lead in the high-end server segment," said Tom Kilroy, Intel vice president and general manager of the Digital Enterprise Group. "This new processor series helps IT manage increasingly complex enterprise server environments, providing a great opportunity to boost the scalable performance of multi-threaded applications within a stable platform infrastructure. With new features such as additional cores, large shared caches and advanced virtualization technologies, the Xeon 7400 series delivers record-breaking performance that will lead enterprises into the next wave of virtualization deployments."
Several Performance Records
The Intel Xeon processor 7400 series has already set new four-socket and eight-socket world records on key industry benchmarks for virtualization, database, enterprise resource planning and e-commerce. IBM, following the record-setting 1.2 million tpmC result on its eight-socket System x* 3950 M2 platform, delivers an all-time high result for four-socket servers on System x* 3850 M2 server with a score of 684,508 tpmC on the TPC*-C benchmark, which measures database performance in an online transaction processing environment.
An HP ProLiant DL580 G5 server on the SAP-SD benchmark that measures a server's sales and distribution capability on SAP software set a world record with a score of 5155 SD-Users. On the SPECint*_rate2006 benchmark, which measures a system's integer throughput performance, a Fujitsu-Siemens PRIMERGY* RX600 S4 server set a record with a score of 291. Several other records were also set on other key enterprise-related benchmarks.
Virtualization Platform of Choice
Based on Intel's 45nm high-k process technology and reinvented transistors that use a Hafnium-based, high-k metal gate formula, the new Xeon 7400 series delivers exceptional performance improvements with lower power consumption. This delivers almost 50 percent better performance in some cases, and up to 10 percent reduction in platform power, and has resulted in a world record VMmark (a virtualization benchmark) score for four-socket, 24 processing core servers at 18.49 on a Dell PowerEdge R900 platform using VMware ESX server v3.5.0.*
These virtualization performance increases, and advanced virtualization capabilities such as Intel Virtualization Technology (VT) FlexMigration make Xeon 7400 series-based servers ideal platforms for customers to standardize their virtual infrastructures. FlexMigration enables VM migration from previous-, present- and future-generation Core microarchitecture-based platforms. This ensures investment protection for administrators seeking to establish pools of virtualized systems and using those pools to facilitate failover, disaster recovery, load balancing and optimizing server maintenance and downtime.
Product Details, Customers
These products offer frequencies up to 2.66 GHz and power levels down to 50 watts, including the first 6-core, x86 compatible 65-watt version which translates to just under 11 watts per processor core, with platforms available in rack, tower and highly dense blade form factors.
The Xeon 7400 processor series is compatible with Intel's existing Xeon 7300 series platforms and the Intel 7300 chipset with memory capacity up to 256GB, allowing IT departments to quickly deploy the new processor into a stable platform infrastructure.
Starting today, servers based on the Intel Xeon 7400 processor series are expected to be announced by more than 50 system manufacturers around the world, including four-socket rack servers from Dell, Fujitsu, Fujitsu-Siemens, Hitachi, HP, IBM, NEC, Sun, Supermicro and Unisys; four-socket blade servers from Egenera, HP, Sun and NEC; and servers that scale up to 16-sockets from IBM, NEC and Unisys.
Many software vendors are also supporting Intel Xeon 7400 based platforms with innovative solutions enabling virtualization and scalable performance for the high-end enterprise, including Citrix, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Red Hat, SAP and VMware.
Pricing for the Xeon 7000 Sequence processors in quantities of 1,000 ranges from $856 to $2,729. For more details on the Intel Xeon 7400 processor series, visit www.intel.com/xeon.
Intel Amd Desktops
Intel and AMD's New Desktop Platforms
On one level, it's easy enough to understand what chips go in the computers we use - they either have AMD or Intel CPUs. But the CPU alone doesn't really describe the performance of the system - it also depends on lots of other features, notably the chipset that supports the CPU, plus things like the memory, graphics, and networking components, not to mention the software loads.
To make things even more confusing, you often hear tech reports talk about "platforms", which from the hardware perspective usually means a combination of a CPU, supporting chipset, and sometimes the networking components and/or software as well. This first became popular with "Centrino," which was and is Intel's way of describing a system with its CPU, chipset, and wireless networking, and the platform concept has made its way into both vendors codenames, first on mobile systems and more recently on desktops and servers. To make things even more confusing, sometimes the vendors call their chipsets "platforms" and sometimes they use the same name for the chipset and the platform, or for the CPU and the platform; and sometimes they don't.
I'll admit it - I'm often confused by all the platform names, CPU code names, and chipset code names I hear, so as best as I can, here's the desktop list -- what is currently on the market; and what Intel and AMD are planning in the next year or so: (The notebook list will follow shortly).
Intel-based Desktop: Intel's current CPUs are in the Core 2 family, with both quad-core and dual-core chips available. Most of the current chips are produced at 45nm, and are based on the "Penryn" design. The desktop chips are known as "Wolfdale" (dual-core) and "Yorkfield" (quad-core), although older 65nm chips (called "Conroe" and "Kentsfield") are still around.
Intel doesn't really name its current desktop platforms, but its current chipsets are the 3-series (called "Bearlake") and 4-series (called "Eaglelake,") which was introduced at Computex and supports more configurations of PCI Express 2.0. Both are available in a variety of versions, notably the P35 and P45 without graphics and G35 and G45 with graphics. (The G35 includes GMA X3500 graphics, while the G45 includes x4500 Graphics . The newer graphics are supposed to be faster and capable of Blu-Ray playback). All of these chipsets have two basic chips, a "northbridge" (memory controller hub) that controls connections to the memory, to the display, manageability controls, and in some cases integrated graphics; and a "southbridge" (I/O controller hub) that primarily controls communications with the peripheral chips.
This fall, Intel will introduce its new X58 chipset (sometimes called "Tylersburg"), designed to work with the new Core i7 processors (codenamed "Bloomfield" with 4 cores and 8 threads in the Nehalem design). This is aimed at enthusiast and high-end systems, so it will only come in a version without graphics, as such systems always add discrete graphics boards. This will have two chips - a traditional southbridge for I/O communications, and another chip that primarily connects to the PCI Express slots. Core i7 will use the QuickPath Interconnect to connect multiple chips.
For next year, Intel is planning two mainstream desktop versions of this Nehalem-based CPU design, currently slated to go into production in the second half of 2009: a 4-core version called "Lynnfield" and a dual-core called "Havendale." One big difference: Lynnfield will not be available with integrated graphics; but Havendale will be available either with graphics or without. But unlike current chipsets, the graphics components will not be integrated into the motherboard chipset; instead it will be integrated in the processor "package" itself (though not necessarily the CPU die, unlike AMD's announced "Fusion" project.)
These chips will be part of a new platform, which Intel calls "Piketon" which uses a new chipset called "Ibex Peak." Since the Nehalem processors will have an integrated memory controller in the CPU, IBEX Peak is now a single chip that adds the display communications and the manageability engine, in addition to traditional southbridge functions, including support for up to 14 USB 2.0 ports, 8 PCIe lanes, six SATA drives, etc. Intel says that Piketon and similar platforms will have a different interconnect than Core i7's.
Piketon includes vPro support, including anti-theft technology, integrated TPM chip, and advanced management features; while a variation called "Kings Creek" is aimed at consumers instead of business users.
Intel has announced plans to develop products at the 32nm code. If the company keeps its "tick/tock" process on schedule, I would expect to see a shrink of the Nehalem" generation of CPUs to 32nm, sometimes referred to under the name of "Westmere," towards the end of 2009 or early 2010; and the next generation of microarchitecture (sometimes called "Sandy Bridge") about a year later.
AMD-based Desktops: AMD currently has two primary lines of desktop CPUs: Athlon chips, typically dual core design; and Phenom chips, typically labeled X4 and X3. The Athlon is based on a CPU design called "K8," while the Phenom is based on a quad-core design also used in the "Barcelona" family of Operton server chips (I've often heard this referred to as K10, though AMD says that term isn't really current; instead using "10h" in its technical presentions.) Most Phenoms are quad core but in the X3 version, one core is disabled. Both are primarily manufactured on a 65nm process today.
AMD's newest desktop platforms based around the Phenom processors are "Perseus," aimed at commercial users under the Business Class brand, and "Cartwheel" aimed at consumers. Both are based around its AMD-7 family of chipsets. Probably the most interesting of these are the variations with integrated ATI Radeon 3000 graphics as well as a hybrid graphics option, which lets the system use both integrated and discrete chips. There are several variations with different levels of graphics, including the 780G and the higher end 790GX, with integrated Radeon 3300 graphics and support for 2 PCI Express slots for adding discrete graphics and up to 12 USB 2.0 ports and 6 SATA 2.0 drives. The 790 series is part of what AMD has sometimes called the "Spider" platform, aimed at enthusiasts. The numbers typically refer to higher speeds, with the "G" denoting integrated graphics, and the "X" denoting support for more than one GPU - the ATI CrossFire configuration. The 790GX is an unusual mix of both.
AMD also has chipsets that are designed for discrete graphics, notably the 790X, which adds support for HyperTransport 3.0 and PCI Express 2.0 for faster connections to memory and graphics; and the high-end 790FX, which supports up to 4 ATI Radeon graphics cards. Unlike Intel's current chips, AMD's already have integrated memory controllers, so the "northbridge" functions are inside the CPU, rather than in a separate chip.
Later this year, AMD is expected to start manufacturing a 45nm shrink of the quad-core "10h" architecture. While this has been primarily been referred to as "Shanghai" (the name of the server version), desktop versions have been using the code-name "Deneb." I'd expect the server version to come later this year, with the desktop chip following in the first half of 2009.
Next year, AMD is expected to move refresh its platforms to patch the 45nm chips. The new commercial platform will be "Kodiak," the consumer platform will be a refreshed version of "Cartwheel," and the new enthusiast platform will be "Leo."
On one level, it's easy enough to understand what chips go in the computers we use - they either have AMD or Intel CPUs. But the CPU alone doesn't really describe the performance of the system - it also depends on lots of other features, notably the chipset that supports the CPU, plus things like the memory, graphics, and networking components, not to mention the software loads.
To make things even more confusing, you often hear tech reports talk about "platforms", which from the hardware perspective usually means a combination of a CPU, supporting chipset, and sometimes the networking components and/or software as well. This first became popular with "Centrino," which was and is Intel's way of describing a system with its CPU, chipset, and wireless networking, and the platform concept has made its way into both vendors codenames, first on mobile systems and more recently on desktops and servers. To make things even more confusing, sometimes the vendors call their chipsets "platforms" and sometimes they use the same name for the chipset and the platform, or for the CPU and the platform; and sometimes they don't.
I'll admit it - I'm often confused by all the platform names, CPU code names, and chipset code names I hear, so as best as I can, here's the desktop list -- what is currently on the market; and what Intel and AMD are planning in the next year or so: (The notebook list will follow shortly).
Intel-based Desktop: Intel's current CPUs are in the Core 2 family, with both quad-core and dual-core chips available. Most of the current chips are produced at 45nm, and are based on the "Penryn" design. The desktop chips are known as "Wolfdale" (dual-core) and "Yorkfield" (quad-core), although older 65nm chips (called "Conroe" and "Kentsfield") are still around.
Intel doesn't really name its current desktop platforms, but its current chipsets are the 3-series (called "Bearlake") and 4-series (called "Eaglelake,") which was introduced at Computex and supports more configurations of PCI Express 2.0. Both are available in a variety of versions, notably the P35 and P45 without graphics and G35 and G45 with graphics. (The G35 includes GMA X3500 graphics, while the G45 includes x4500 Graphics . The newer graphics are supposed to be faster and capable of Blu-Ray playback). All of these chipsets have two basic chips, a "northbridge" (memory controller hub) that controls connections to the memory, to the display, manageability controls, and in some cases integrated graphics; and a "southbridge" (I/O controller hub) that primarily controls communications with the peripheral chips.
This fall, Intel will introduce its new X58 chipset (sometimes called "Tylersburg"), designed to work with the new Core i7 processors (codenamed "Bloomfield" with 4 cores and 8 threads in the Nehalem design). This is aimed at enthusiast and high-end systems, so it will only come in a version without graphics, as such systems always add discrete graphics boards. This will have two chips - a traditional southbridge for I/O communications, and another chip that primarily connects to the PCI Express slots. Core i7 will use the QuickPath Interconnect to connect multiple chips.
For next year, Intel is planning two mainstream desktop versions of this Nehalem-based CPU design, currently slated to go into production in the second half of 2009: a 4-core version called "Lynnfield" and a dual-core called "Havendale." One big difference: Lynnfield will not be available with integrated graphics; but Havendale will be available either with graphics or without. But unlike current chipsets, the graphics components will not be integrated into the motherboard chipset; instead it will be integrated in the processor "package" itself (though not necessarily the CPU die, unlike AMD's announced "Fusion" project.)
These chips will be part of a new platform, which Intel calls "Piketon" which uses a new chipset called "Ibex Peak." Since the Nehalem processors will have an integrated memory controller in the CPU, IBEX Peak is now a single chip that adds the display communications and the manageability engine, in addition to traditional southbridge functions, including support for up to 14 USB 2.0 ports, 8 PCIe lanes, six SATA drives, etc. Intel says that Piketon and similar platforms will have a different interconnect than Core i7's.
Piketon includes vPro support, including anti-theft technology, integrated TPM chip, and advanced management features; while a variation called "Kings Creek" is aimed at consumers instead of business users.
Intel has announced plans to develop products at the 32nm code. If the company keeps its "tick/tock" process on schedule, I would expect to see a shrink of the Nehalem" generation of CPUs to 32nm, sometimes referred to under the name of "Westmere," towards the end of 2009 or early 2010; and the next generation of microarchitecture (sometimes called "Sandy Bridge") about a year later.
AMD-based Desktops: AMD currently has two primary lines of desktop CPUs: Athlon chips, typically dual core design; and Phenom chips, typically labeled X4 and X3. The Athlon is based on a CPU design called "K8," while the Phenom is based on a quad-core design also used in the "Barcelona" family of Operton server chips (I've often heard this referred to as K10, though AMD says that term isn't really current; instead using "10h" in its technical presentions.) Most Phenoms are quad core but in the X3 version, one core is disabled. Both are primarily manufactured on a 65nm process today.
AMD's newest desktop platforms based around the Phenom processors are "Perseus," aimed at commercial users under the Business Class brand, and "Cartwheel" aimed at consumers. Both are based around its AMD-7 family of chipsets. Probably the most interesting of these are the variations with integrated ATI Radeon 3000 graphics as well as a hybrid graphics option, which lets the system use both integrated and discrete chips. There are several variations with different levels of graphics, including the 780G and the higher end 790GX, with integrated Radeon 3300 graphics and support for 2 PCI Express slots for adding discrete graphics and up to 12 USB 2.0 ports and 6 SATA 2.0 drives. The 790 series is part of what AMD has sometimes called the "Spider" platform, aimed at enthusiasts. The numbers typically refer to higher speeds, with the "G" denoting integrated graphics, and the "X" denoting support for more than one GPU - the ATI CrossFire configuration. The 790GX is an unusual mix of both.
AMD also has chipsets that are designed for discrete graphics, notably the 790X, which adds support for HyperTransport 3.0 and PCI Express 2.0 for faster connections to memory and graphics; and the high-end 790FX, which supports up to 4 ATI Radeon graphics cards. Unlike Intel's current chips, AMD's already have integrated memory controllers, so the "northbridge" functions are inside the CPU, rather than in a separate chip.
Later this year, AMD is expected to start manufacturing a 45nm shrink of the quad-core "10h" architecture. While this has been primarily been referred to as "Shanghai" (the name of the server version), desktop versions have been using the code-name "Deneb." I'd expect the server version to come later this year, with the desktop chip following in the first half of 2009.
Next year, AMD is expected to move refresh its platforms to patch the 45nm chips. The new commercial platform will be "Kodiak," the consumer platform will be a refreshed version of "Cartwheel," and the new enthusiast platform will be "Leo."
Monday, November 3, 2008
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8200 Processor BX80580Q8200
Overclockers, gamers, and anyone who just wants the latest, fastest anything, look no further. With four powerful execution cores, the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor cuts through processor-intensive tasks in demanding multi-tasking environments like a hot knife on butter. This stunning performer makes the most of highly threaded applications for computing in a fast-paced world such as our own. Whether you're creating multimedia, eradicating your gaming enemies, or running compute-intensive applications at one time, new quad-core processing will change the way you do everything. Pioneer the new world of quad-core and unleash the power of multi-threading with this astounding Intel Core 2 Quad Q8200 Processor.
Top-Notch Is An Understatement For ThisIntroducing the latest additions to the Core 2 Quad family built using Intel's 45nm technology and hafnium-infused circuitry. These new processors deliver amazing performance and power efficiency. Whether it's encoding, rendering, editing, or streaming, make the most of your professional-grade multimedia applications with a PC powered by the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor. With four processing cores and 4MB of shared L2 cache and up to 1333 MHz Front Side Bus, more intensive entertainment and more multitasking can bring a multimedia powerhouse to your home.
Specifications
Processor Speed:
Q8200 / 2.33GHz
Processor Interface:
Socket 775
Processor Class:
Core 2 Quad
Cache Size:
4MB
Bus Speed:
1333MHz
Additional Technologies:
Intel® EM64T
Enhanced Intel Speedstep
Execute Disable Bit
Intel® Virtualization
SSE
SSE2
SSE3
Quad-Core
Intel® Thermal Monitor 2
SSE4.1
Architecture:
45 nm
Wattage:
95W
Core Stepping:
M1
Fan:
Included
Detailed Features
Features
Quad-Core ProcessorProvides four complete execution cores in a single processor with 4MB of L2 cache and 1333 MHz Front Side Bus. Four dedicated, physical threads help operating systems and applications deliver additional performance, so end users can experience better multi-tasking and multi-threaded performance across many types of applications and work loads.
Intel® Wide Dynamic ExecutionImproves execution speed and efficiency, delivering more instructions per clock cycle. Each of the four cores can complete up to four full instructions simultaneously.
Intel® Smart Memory AccessOptimizes the use of the data bandwidth from the memory subsystem to accelerate out-of-order execution. A newly designed prediction mechanism reduces the time in-flight instructions have to wait for data. New pre-fetch algorithms move data from system memory into fast L2 cache in advance of execution. These functions keep the pipeline full, improving instruction throughput and performance. 45nm versions further improve this feature, with more efficient methods of loading and storing data in main memory.
Intel® Advanced Smart CacheProvides shared level 2 cache across each pair of cores that can be dynamically allocated to each processor core, within the pair, based on workload. This efficient implementation increases the probability that each core within the pair can access data from fast L2 cache, significantly reducing latency to frequently used data and improving performance.
Intel® Advanced Digital Media BoostAccelerates the execution of Streaming SIMD Extension (SSE) instructions to significantly improve the performance on a broad range of applications, including video, audio, and image processing, and multimedia, encryption, financial, engineering, and scientific applications. The 128-bit SSE instructions are now issued at a throughput rate of one per clock cycle effectively doubling their speed of execution on a per clock basis over previous generation processors. 45nm versions include a new Super Shuffle Engine, which improves existing SSE instructions while enabling significant gains on the latest SSE4 instruction set. SSE4-optimized applications, such as video editing and encoding in high-definition resolution, will see additional performance improvements.
Intel® Virtualization Technology (Intel® VT)Allows one hardware platform to function as multiple “virtual” platforms. Intel® VT improves manageability, limiting downtime and maintaining worker productivity by isolating computing activities into separate partitions.
Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS)Provides for more efficient processor and platform thermal control improving system acoustics. The DTS continuously measures the temperature at each processing core. The ability to continuously measure and detect variations in processor temperature enables system fans to spin only as fast as needed to cool the system. The combination of these technologies can result in significantly lower noise emissions from the PC.
Top-Notch Is An Understatement For ThisIntroducing the latest additions to the Core 2 Quad family built using Intel's 45nm technology and hafnium-infused circuitry. These new processors deliver amazing performance and power efficiency. Whether it's encoding, rendering, editing, or streaming, make the most of your professional-grade multimedia applications with a PC powered by the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor. With four processing cores and 4MB of shared L2 cache and up to 1333 MHz Front Side Bus, more intensive entertainment and more multitasking can bring a multimedia powerhouse to your home.
Specifications
Processor Speed:
Q8200 / 2.33GHz
Processor Interface:
Socket 775
Processor Class:
Core 2 Quad
Cache Size:
4MB
Bus Speed:
1333MHz
Additional Technologies:
Intel® EM64T
Enhanced Intel Speedstep
Execute Disable Bit
Intel® Virtualization
SSE
SSE2
SSE3
Quad-Core
Intel® Thermal Monitor 2
SSE4.1
Architecture:
45 nm
Wattage:
95W
Core Stepping:
M1
Fan:
Included
Detailed Features
Features
Quad-Core ProcessorProvides four complete execution cores in a single processor with 4MB of L2 cache and 1333 MHz Front Side Bus. Four dedicated, physical threads help operating systems and applications deliver additional performance, so end users can experience better multi-tasking and multi-threaded performance across many types of applications and work loads.
Intel® Wide Dynamic ExecutionImproves execution speed and efficiency, delivering more instructions per clock cycle. Each of the four cores can complete up to four full instructions simultaneously.
Intel® Smart Memory AccessOptimizes the use of the data bandwidth from the memory subsystem to accelerate out-of-order execution. A newly designed prediction mechanism reduces the time in-flight instructions have to wait for data. New pre-fetch algorithms move data from system memory into fast L2 cache in advance of execution. These functions keep the pipeline full, improving instruction throughput and performance. 45nm versions further improve this feature, with more efficient methods of loading and storing data in main memory.
Intel® Advanced Smart CacheProvides shared level 2 cache across each pair of cores that can be dynamically allocated to each processor core, within the pair, based on workload. This efficient implementation increases the probability that each core within the pair can access data from fast L2 cache, significantly reducing latency to frequently used data and improving performance.
Intel® Advanced Digital Media BoostAccelerates the execution of Streaming SIMD Extension (SSE) instructions to significantly improve the performance on a broad range of applications, including video, audio, and image processing, and multimedia, encryption, financial, engineering, and scientific applications. The 128-bit SSE instructions are now issued at a throughput rate of one per clock cycle effectively doubling their speed of execution on a per clock basis over previous generation processors. 45nm versions include a new Super Shuffle Engine, which improves existing SSE instructions while enabling significant gains on the latest SSE4 instruction set. SSE4-optimized applications, such as video editing and encoding in high-definition resolution, will see additional performance improvements.
Intel® Virtualization Technology (Intel® VT)Allows one hardware platform to function as multiple “virtual” platforms. Intel® VT improves manageability, limiting downtime and maintaining worker productivity by isolating computing activities into separate partitions.
Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS)Provides for more efficient processor and platform thermal control improving system acoustics. The DTS continuously measures the temperature at each processing core. The ability to continuously measure and detect variations in processor temperature enables system fans to spin only as fast as needed to cool the system. The combination of these technologies can result in significantly lower noise emissions from the PC.
Intel Core 2 Quad Q6700 Processor Memory Bundle
Intel Core 2 Quad Q6700 Processor Memory BundleLeaders of the pack seeking monster performance, look no further. With four execution cores, the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor blows through processor-intensive tasks in demanding multi-tasking environments and makes the most of highly threaded applications. Whether you're creating multimedia, annihilating your gaming enemies, or running compute-intensive applications at one time, new quad-core processing will change the way you do everything. Pioneer the new world of quad-core and unleash the power of multi-threading.
Corsair TWINX 4096MB PC6400 DDR2 Memory The Corsair Twin2X4096-6400C5 G is a 4096MByte matched pair of DDR2 SDRAM DIMMs. This part delivers outstanding performance in the latest generation of dual-channel DDR2-based motherboards. It has been tested extensively in multiple DDR2 motherboards to ensure compatibility and performance at its rated speed. This memory has been verified to operate at 800MHz at the low latencies of 5-5-5-18. Corsair’s line of 4GB memory kits are designed for PCs featuring 64-bit operating systems. Please note: Installing 4GB onto PCs with 32-bit operating systems is not advised since 32-bit operating systems do not support 4GB of system memory.
Note: A CPU cooling fan is not included with this CPU. In order to safeguard your warranty and achieve optimum performance we recommend purchasing a new compatible cooling fan. Click Here for more info »
Take advantage of this great offer! Buy this Quad-Core Processor in a bundle with a 4GB DDR2 PC6400 800MHz memory from Corsair!
This Bundle Includes
Intel Core 2 Quad Q6700 2.66GHz Socket 775 OEM Processor HH80562PH0678MKWith four execution cores, the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor blows through processor-intensive tasks in demanding multitasking environments and makes the most of highly threaded applications. Whether you're creating multimedia, annihilating your gaming enemies, or running compute-intensive applications at one time, new quad-core processing will change the way you do everything
- Socket: 775- Front Side Bus: 1066MHz- Cache: 8MBClick Here For More Information!
Corsair Dual Channel TWINX 4096MB PC6400 DDR2 800MHz Memory (2 x 2048MB)The Corsair Twin2X4096-6400C5 G is a 4096MByte matched pair of DDR2 SDRAM DIMMs. This part delivers outstanding performance in the latest generation of dual-channel DDR2-based motherboards. It has been tested extensively in multiple DDR2 motherboards to ensure compatibility and performance at its rated speed.
- Memory Size: 2 x 2048MB- Memory Speed: 800MHz PC6400- Memory Type: Dual Channel DDR2
Click Here For More Information!
Intel® Core™2 Processor Family
When launched later this year, the Intel® Core™2 Duo processor will provide enhanced performance and energy-efficiency in mobile applications while bringing for the first time the benefits of energy-efficient performance to mainstream desktop computing. It will be Intel's highest performing desktop processor ever and the new first choice of gamers and multimedia professionals worldwide.
As with the Intel® Pentium® processor brand, use of the number "2" signals the arrival of the next generation of technology to the Intel® Core™ processor line. In order to be consistent with our current Intel Core processor naming, we are continuing to use "Duo" to creatively and effectively indicate Intel® dual-core technology.
As with the Intel® Pentium® processor brand, use of the number "2" signals the arrival of the next generation of technology to the Intel® Core™ processor line. In order to be consistent with our current Intel Core processor naming, we are continuing to use "Duo" to creatively and effectively indicate Intel® dual-core technology.
Intel Pentium 4
The Intel Pentium 4 processor family supporting Hyper-Threading Technology (HT Technology) is best-suited to desktop PCs and entry-level workstations. The Pentium 4 processor is designed to deliver performance across applications and uses where end-users can appreciate and experience the performance. These applications include Internet audio and streaming video, image processing, video content creation, games, multimedia and multitasking user environments.
Pentium 4 Extreme EditionThe Intel Pentium 4 processor Extreme Edition supporting HT Technology features 3.46 GHz with 2 MB of L3 cache and 3.73 GHz with 2 M of L2 cache to offer high levels of performance targeted specifically for high-end gamers and computing power users. It provides flexibility for future applications that support both 32-bit and 64-bit computing with Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology and is a dual-core processor (two physical cores in one processor support better system responsiveness and multi-tasking).
Pentium 4 6x SeriesThe Intel Pentium 4 6x series offers 2MB L2 Cache and clock speeds of 3 to 3.80 GHz. Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology is available on the 600x processors. This provides flexibility for future applications that support both 32-bit and 64-bit computing.
Pentium 4 5x SeriesThe Intel Pentium 4 5x series offers 1MB L2 Cache and clock speeds of 2.80 to 3.80 GHz. Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology is available on the 600x processors is available only on some of the 5x models (571, 561, 551, 541, 531, and 521).
Intel Pentium 4 Specifications
The Intel Pentium 4 Web site with specifications, briefs, Technology Overview & More.
Pentium 4 Technology Explained
SharkyExtreme's Hardware Guide explains the technology behind the Intel Pentium 4
Pentium 4 Extreme EditionThe Intel Pentium 4 processor Extreme Edition supporting HT Technology features 3.46 GHz with 2 MB of L3 cache and 3.73 GHz with 2 M of L2 cache to offer high levels of performance targeted specifically for high-end gamers and computing power users. It provides flexibility for future applications that support both 32-bit and 64-bit computing with Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology and is a dual-core processor (two physical cores in one processor support better system responsiveness and multi-tasking).
Pentium 4 6x SeriesThe Intel Pentium 4 6x series offers 2MB L2 Cache and clock speeds of 3 to 3.80 GHz. Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology is available on the 600x processors. This provides flexibility for future applications that support both 32-bit and 64-bit computing.
Pentium 4 5x SeriesThe Intel Pentium 4 5x series offers 1MB L2 Cache and clock speeds of 2.80 to 3.80 GHz. Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology is available on the 600x processors is available only on some of the 5x models (571, 561, 551, 541, 531, and 521).
Intel Pentium 4 Specifications
The Intel Pentium 4 Web site with specifications, briefs, Technology Overview & More.
Pentium 4 Technology Explained
SharkyExtreme's Hardware Guide explains the technology behind the Intel Pentium 4
Intel Celeron D
The Intel Celeron D is a value-priced processor. The Celeron D processors include a larger integrated L2 cache and faster processor system bus when compared to Celeron processors. Celeron processors are available at speeds ranging from 1 GHz to 2.80 GHz. Celeron D processors offer a 533 MHz multi-transaction processor system bus with 256-KB Level 2 cache. Intel added Extended Memory 64 Technology to its value oriented Celeron D line.
Celeron D Processor Brief
Intel's Celeron D Product Brief Web page.
Intel Celeron D: New, Improved & Exceeds Expectations
AnandTech provides an introduction to Intel's Celeron D processors.
Value Overclocking Guide
This SharkyExtreme overclocking guide compares the Celeron D to the Sempron 3100+.
Celeron D Processor Brief
Intel's Celeron D Product Brief Web page.
Intel Celeron D: New, Improved & Exceeds Expectations
AnandTech provides an introduction to Intel's Celeron D processors.
Value Overclocking Guide
This SharkyExtreme overclocking guide compares the Celeron D to the Sempron 3100+.
AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core
The AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core processor contains two processing cores, residing on one chip, which increases efficiency and speed while running multiple programs and multi-threaded software. It enables a seamless transition from 32-bit to 64-bit applications. Both 32- and 64-bit applications can run virtually simultaneously and transparently on the same platform.
AMD Athlon 64 Web page
Includes links to information on Athlon 64 FX, Athlon 64 x2 Dual-core, 64 Processor for Desktops, and Mobile Athlon 64
Athlon 64 X2 3800+ Processor Review
Review by SharkyExtreme - "The Athlon 64 X2 processors are the first true dual core processors for the desktop, and compared to the Intel Pentium D/Pentium EE design, offer a more streamlined and forward-thinking architecture."
AMD Athlon 64 Web page
Includes links to information on Athlon 64 FX, Athlon 64 x2 Dual-core, 64 Processor for Desktops, and Mobile Athlon 64
Athlon 64 X2 3800+ Processor Review
Review by SharkyExtreme - "The Athlon 64 X2 processors are the first true dual core processors for the desktop, and compared to the Intel Pentium D/Pentium EE design, offer a more streamlined and forward-thinking architecture."
Intel Core 2 Duo E8400 Processor BX80570E8400
Intel Core 2 Duo E8400 Processor BX80570E8400Intel® Core™2 Duo processor is the new brand name for our next-generation energy-efficient performance desktop and mobile processors. Formerly known by their codenames Conroe and Merom, the Intel® Core™2 processors for desktop and mobile computers are based on the Intel® Core™ microarchitecture, Intel's new industry-leading foundation for all mobile, desktop and server platforms moving forward.
CES 2007 Best of Innovations HonoreeThe world's best microprocessor, Intel Core 2 Duo microprocessor. Innovations Design and Engineering Awards honor outstanding consumer electronics design and engineering.
Click Banner to view Intel Core 2 Duo Technology flash demo
By offering a single brand name for our mainstream desktop and laptop dual-core processors, Intel's branding strategy makes it simple for consumers and businesses to choose a powerful and energy efficient processor – and makes it easier for developers to "write once, run everywhere."
IR PWM chip supports AMD, Intel processors
International Rectifier (IR) introduced a two-phase interleaved pulse width modulation (PWM) control IC that supports the AMD Athlon, AMD Athlon64, AMD Opteron and Intel VR10.X processors. Applications include server and desktop computer motherboards, voltage regulator modules (VRM), video graphics cards and telecom single in-line package (SIP) modules.
According to IR, the IR3092 is suitable for space-constrained systems with high load current and efficiency requirements. Compared to other devices that require external gate drive circuits, the IR3092 includes integrated MOSFET drivers with 3.5A drive capability. Existing two-phase solutions that are implemented with three ICs can now be replaced with a single IR3092 improving system reliability, reducing board area and simplifying circuit design, the company added. A patent-pending body braking circuit reduces the output capacitance requirement by up to 25 percent.
"The IR3092 uniquely meets the challenge of powering Intel's advanced Prescott microprocessors by providing up to 80A with a 2-phase integrated power architecture," said Ralph Monteiro, Marketing Manager for dc-dc computing products.
Output voltage programmed with 5-bit or 6-bit VID code
The IR3092 operates from a single 12V supply and includes a linear regulator to power the gate drivers. The regulator output voltage can be programmed to minimize switching losses and optimize efficiency, and the programmable oscillator (with a frequency range of 100kHz to 540kHz) gives the designer additional flexibility to improve system efficiency and transient response.
For system protection and reliability, the new device features programmable soft-start and hiccup over-current protection. Current sensing is achieved with loss-less inductor current sensing which gives improved accuracy compared to sensing circuits measuring MOSFET on-resistance. Dual undervoltage lockout circuits and overvoltage protection ensure reliability of system voltages, while a power-good output signal indicates proper operation.
To meet the power requirements of today's microprocessors, the output voltage can be programmed with either a five or six-bit voltage identification (VID) code with 0.5 percent set-point accuracy. An adaptive voltage-positioning feature maintains the output voltage tolerance while minimizing output capacitor requirements. The chip is also capable of 100 percent duty cycle operation to further improve transient response. In addition, the IR3092 features programmable slew rate response to "on-the-fly" VID code changes.
Available in a 7-by-7mm MLPQ-48 package, the PWM IC is priced at $2.50 each in 10,000-piece quantities.
According to IR, the IR3092 is suitable for space-constrained systems with high load current and efficiency requirements. Compared to other devices that require external gate drive circuits, the IR3092 includes integrated MOSFET drivers with 3.5A drive capability. Existing two-phase solutions that are implemented with three ICs can now be replaced with a single IR3092 improving system reliability, reducing board area and simplifying circuit design, the company added. A patent-pending body braking circuit reduces the output capacitance requirement by up to 25 percent.
"The IR3092 uniquely meets the challenge of powering Intel's advanced Prescott microprocessors by providing up to 80A with a 2-phase integrated power architecture," said Ralph Monteiro, Marketing Manager for dc-dc computing products.
Output voltage programmed with 5-bit or 6-bit VID code
The IR3092 operates from a single 12V supply and includes a linear regulator to power the gate drivers. The regulator output voltage can be programmed to minimize switching losses and optimize efficiency, and the programmable oscillator (with a frequency range of 100kHz to 540kHz) gives the designer additional flexibility to improve system efficiency and transient response.
For system protection and reliability, the new device features programmable soft-start and hiccup over-current protection. Current sensing is achieved with loss-less inductor current sensing which gives improved accuracy compared to sensing circuits measuring MOSFET on-resistance. Dual undervoltage lockout circuits and overvoltage protection ensure reliability of system voltages, while a power-good output signal indicates proper operation.
To meet the power requirements of today's microprocessors, the output voltage can be programmed with either a five or six-bit voltage identification (VID) code with 0.5 percent set-point accuracy. An adaptive voltage-positioning feature maintains the output voltage tolerance while minimizing output capacitor requirements. The chip is also capable of 100 percent duty cycle operation to further improve transient response. In addition, the IR3092 features programmable slew rate response to "on-the-fly" VID code changes.
Available in a 7-by-7mm MLPQ-48 package, the PWM IC is priced at $2.50 each in 10,000-piece quantities.
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